In the Matter of: Richard A. Miezwa.

This opinion is nonprecedential except as provided by
Minn. R. Civ. App. P. 136.01, subd. 1(c).

STATE OF MINNESOTA
IN COURT OF APPEALS
A21-1459

In the Matter of: Richard A. Miezwa.

Filed August 15, 2022
Affirmed
Bjorkman, Judge

Department of Employment and Economic Development
File No. 46819697-3

Richard A. Miezwa, Pine City, Minnesota (pro se relator)

Anne Froelich, Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development,
St. Paul, Minnesota (for respondent department)

Considered and decided by Bratvold, Presiding Judge; Bjorkman, Judge; and Kirk,
Judge.∗
NONPRECEDENTIAL OPINION
BJORKMAN, Judge
Relator challenges the determination of an unemployment-law judge (ULJ) that he
was ineligible for unemployment benefits. Because the record supports the ULJ’s finding
that relator was not available for suitable employment during the approximately six-week
period at issue, we affirm.

∗ Retired judge of the Minnesota Court of Appeals, serving by appointment pursuant to
Minn. Const. art. VI, § 10.
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FACTS
Relator Richard A. Miezwa is a union plumber. In June 2021, he underwent surgery
to repair a hernia. His doctor imposed a 15-pound lifting restriction until July 6. Miezwa
was unable to perform his usual work activities with this restriction. He did not seek other
employment and applied for unemployment benefits. Respondent Minnesota Department
of Employment and Economic Development (DEED) denied his request, and Miezwa
appealed. Following an evidentiary hearing and reconsideration process, the ULJ
determined that Miezwa was ineligible for benefits because he was not available for
suitable employment during the relevant time period. Miezwa appeals by writ of certiorari.
DECISION
To be eligible for unemployment benefits, a person must be “available for” and
“actively seeking suitable employment.” Minn. Stat. § 268.085, subd. 1(4), (5) (2020). A
person is “available for suitable employment” if the person “is ready, willing, and able to
accept suitable employment.” Id., subd. 15(a) (2020). “Suitable employment” is defined
as “employment in the applicant’s labor market area that is reasonably related to the
applicant’s qualifications.” Minn. Stat. § 268.035, subd. 23a(a) (2020). “In determining
whether any employment is suitable for an applicant, the degree of risk involved to the
health and safety, physical fitness, prior training, experience, length of unemployment,
prospects for securing employment in the applicant’s customary occupation, and the
distance of the employment from the applicant’s residence is considered.” Id.
Whether an applicant is available for suitable employment is a question of fact. See
Semanko v. Dep’t of Emp. Serv., 244 N.W.2d 663, 665 (Minn. 1976) (stating that “question
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of availability for work must be determined anew on the facts of each case”). We review
a ULJ’s findings of fact in the light most favorable to the ULJ’s decision and “will not
disturb the ULJ’s factual findings when the evidence substantially sustains them.”
Peterson v. Nw. Airlines, Inc., 753 N.W.2d 771, 774 (Minn. App. 2008), rev. denied (Minn.
Oct. 1, 2008).
This appeal turns only on the ULJ’s factual finding that Miezwa was not available
for suitable employment.1 Miezwa asserts that he was. The ULJ did not make an express
finding as to what constitutes “suitable employment” for Miezwa. But the ULJ implicitly
treated plumbing work as his suitable employment, finding that he is a full-time plumber,
had worked for his current employer for 21 years, and “was a union member in good
standing and used a union hiring hall to secure union plumbing employment.” The ULJ
also found that Miezwa was not able to return to this work while his medical restriction
was in place because plumbing requires him to “lift[] more than 15 pounds through the
workday.” And the ULJ found it was “unlikely [that] Miezwa could have performed other
jobs or occupations other than plumbing while he was recovering from his injury and
surgery” and under the 15-pound lifting restriction. The record substantially sustains these
findings.
First, the record supports the ULJ’s implicit finding that Miezwa’s “suitable
employment” is plumbing work. Miezwa testified that he had worked for his current

1 The ULJ also found that Miezwa was actively seeking employment. DEED challenges
this finding, but we need not decide the issue because the record supports the ULJ’s finding
that Miezwa was not available for suitable employment.
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plumbing employer for 21 years and is a member in good standing of his local plumber’s
union. He anticipated and did return to his prior position after the weight restriction was
lifted. Nothing in the record indicates Miezwa was qualified for other kinds of work.
Second, the record supports the ULJ’s findings that Miezwa could not perform his
suitable employment— plumbing work—within the 15-pound lifting restriction. Miezwa
candidly acknowledged that plumbing is “heavy work” and there were no plumbing jobs
that he could perform within his lifting restriction. His long-time employer confirmed this,
stating in a letter that there was no work available to Miezwa within his restriction.
Because substantial evidence supports the ULJ’s factual determination that Miezwa
was not available for suitable employment from May 29 to July 6, 2021, Miezwa was not
eligible for unemployment benefits during that time.
Affirmed.