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“An error is plain if it was clear or obvious” and is typically established where the prosecutor’s conduct “contravenes case law, a rule, or a standard of 4 conduct.” (quotations omitted).

B. Unobjected-to Prosecutorial Misconduct If the defendant does not object during trial, we “review the prosecutor’s statements under a modified plain error analysis.” (-300, 302 (Minn. 2006)).

5 For unobjected-to prosecutorial misconduct, “[w]e review the prosecutor’s statements under a modified plain error analysis.” (-300, 302 (Minn. 2006)).

An error is plain if it is “clear or obvious,” (citation omitted) (internal quotation marks omitted), meaning the error “contravenes case law, a rule, or a standard of conduct.”

d 294, 299-300 (Minn. 2006) .

“An error is plain if it was clear or obvious.” (quotations omitted).

Schmeichel has the burden to “demonstrate both that error occurred and that the error was plain.”

(jury instructions); (prosecutorial misconduct).

n.6 (Minn. 2006); -87 (Minn. 2011) (explaining the supreme court’s “inherent judicial authority”).

If we determine a plain error affected the appellant’s substantial rights, then we assess “whether the error should be addressed to ensure fairness and the integrity of the judicial proceedings.”

gave in 5 We note that the supreme court has “le[ft] for another day the question of whether the Caron two-tiered approach should continue to apply to cases involving objected-to prosecutorial misconduct.” n.4 (Minn. 2006).

(“Prosecutors have an affirmative obligation to ensure that a defendant receives a fair trial, no matter how strong the evidence of guilt.”).

Because Hall did not object to the state’s closing argument, we “review the prosecutor’s statements under a modified plain error analysis.” d 716, 726 (Minn. 2022) (–300, 302 (Minn. 2006)).

“An error is plain if it is ‘clear’ or ‘obvious,’ which is typically established ‘if the error contravenes case law, a rule, or a standard of conduct.’” ().

“An error is plain if it ‘contravenes case law, a rule, or a standard of conduct.’” ().

“An error is plain if it was clear or obvious,” which generally “is shown if the error contravenes case law, a rule, or a standard of conduct.” (quotations omitted).