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“Probable cause exists if the judge issuing a warrant determines that ‘there is a fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found.’” (quoting Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213, 238 (1983)).

See generally State v. Yarbrough

State v. Yarborough , 10

A judge issuing a search warrant may determine that probable cause exists if “there is a fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found.” (quot ing Illinois v. Gates , 462 U.S. 213, 238, 103 S. Ct. 2317, 2332 (1983)).

“A sufficient ‘nexus’ must be established between the evidence sought and the place to be searched.” State v. Yarbrough

“Probable cause exists if the judge issuing a warrant determines that ‘there is a fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found.’” (quoting Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213, 238, 103 S. Ct. 2 317, 2332 (1983)).

“Probable cause exists if the judge issuing a warrant determines that ‘there is a fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found.’” State v. Yarbrough , (quoting Illinois v. Gates , 462 U.S. 213, 238, 103 S. Ct. 2317, 2332 (1983)).

“Probable cause exists if the judge issuing a warrant determines that ‘there is a fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found.’” State v. Yarbrough , (quoting Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213, 238, 103 S. Ct. 2317, 2332 (1983)).

Probable cause exists when “there is a fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found.” State v. Yarbrough , (quoting Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213, 238, 103 S. Ct. 2317, 2332 (1983)).

d 619, 622 (Minn. 2014).

Instead, an appellate court limits its review to whether the issuing magistrate “had a substantial basis for concluding that probable cause existed .” (quotation omitted).

We assume, without deciding, that the nexus requirement for probable cause applies to determine whether reasonable suspicion supports a warrantless dog sniff of a vehicle exterior.4 A nexus “must be established between the evidence sought and the place to be searched.”

The issuing judge is tasked with making "a practical, common-sense decision," State v. Yarbrough , , 622 (Minn. 2014), and a reviewing court is limited to determining whether there was a "substantial basis" for that decision, State v. Harris , , 788 (Minn. 1999) (citation omitted) (internal quotation marks omitted).

Probable cause exists when “there is a fair probability that contraband or evidence o f a crime will be found.” (quoting Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213, 238, 103 S. Ct. 2317, 2332 (1983)).

Probable cause exists when “there is a fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found.” (quoting Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213, 238, 103 S. Ct. 2317, 2332 (1983)).

Rasmussen v. Tahash , 272 Minn. 539 , , 13 (1965) (explaining the procedure for challenging the admissibility of evidence obtained as a result of search and seizure); see also State v. Yarbrough , , 622-23 (Minn. 2014) (explaining that "a valid warrant must be supported by probable cause" and the standard courts use to review a warrant's validity).

Probable cause exists when “there is a fai r probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found.” 4 (quoting Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213, 238, 103 S. Ct. 2317, 2332 (1983)).

Probable cause exists when “there is a fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found.” (quotation omitted).

A. Nexus Probable cause requires “that there is a fair probability that the evidence will be found at the specific site to be searched.”

Probable cause exists when “there is a fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found.” (quoting Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213, 238, 103 S. Ct. 2317, 2332 (1983)).

d 619, 622 (Minn. 2014).

Probable cause requires “that there is a fair probability that the evidence will be found at the specific site to be searched.”

“[A] sufficient ‘nexus’ must be establis hed between the evidence sought and the place to be searched.”

“Probable cause exists if the judge issuing a warrant determines that ‘there is a fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found.’” State v. Yarbrough , (quoting Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213, 238, 103 S. Ct. 6 2317, 2332 (1983)).

Additionally, “a sufficient ‘nexus’ must be established between the evidence sought and the place to be searched.” State v. Yarbrough

Probable cause requires “that there is a fair probability that the evidence will be found at the specific site to be searched.”

-24 (Minn. 2014) (determining that search warrant affidavit established a sufficient nexus based on “three factual allegations,” including that the defendant “ previously had been arrested for possession of a controlled substance with intent to distribute ,” that the defendant was a “crack cocaine dealer,” an

d 619, 622 (Minn. 2014).

“Before searching a residence, police usually must obtain a valid warrant issued by a neutral and detached magistrate.” State v. Yarbrough

d probable cause because the supporting affidavit did not provide a substantial basis for believing a computer 7 identified as client ID ‘DAAF7’ would be found there on June 10, 2010.” “Probable cause not only requires that the evidence sought likely exists, but also that the re is a fair probability that the evidence will be found at the specific site to be searched.”

-24 (Minn.2014) (noting that the defendant’s prior arrest contributed to the overall finding of probable cause).

(When establishing a connection between a place to be searched and evidence sought, “[a] nexus may be inferred from the totality of the circumstances .