Cited by

Because this court generally does not review issues not presented to and considered by the district court, we decline to reach this issue.2

Generally, appellate courts address only “tho se issues that the record shows were presented to and considered by the trial court in deciding the matter before it.” (quotation omitted); see Aljubailah v. James , 903 N.W.

See Thiele v. Stich , -83 (Minn. 1988) (explaining that appellate courts “may not consider matters not produced and received in evidence below”).

-83 (Minn. 1988); (citing Thiele in a family law appeal); see also Minn. R. Civ.

(stating that appellate courts should generally only review questions that the district court heard and considered).

(holding that appellate courts generally consider only issues that were presented to and considered by the district court).

n.3 (Minn. 2019) (declining to address an argument first raised at oral argument, stating that “[w]e generally will not consider arguments raised fo r the first time on appeal”) (quoting Hegseth v. Am.

We “generally consider only those issues that the record shows were presented and considered by the trial court in deciding the matter before it.” (quotation omitted); see also Hoyt Inv.

First, a “reviewing court must generally consider only those issues that the record shows were presented and considered by the [district] court.”

(holding a reviewing court generally considers only issues presented and considered by the district court).

“An appellate court may not base its decision on matters outside the record on appeal, and may not consider matters not produced and received in evidence below.” -83 (Minn. 1988).

(“A reviewing court must generally consider only those issues that the record shows were presented and considered by the trial court in deciding the matter before it.” (quotation omitted)).

We generally consider “only those issues that the record shows were presented and considered by the trial court in deciding the matter before it.” Thiele v. Stich , (quotation omitted).

(stating that a revi ewing court should only consider issues that were presented and considered by the district court).

(stating that the reviewing c ourt may address only issues “presented to and considered by” the district court).

Thiele v. Stich , see also Peterson v. Ne.

Because our review is limited to the record in the district court, see Thiele v. Stich , the Cordeses’ argument of intentional misconduct is unavailing.

But we do not address arguments raised first on appeal, and Brown did not raise the argument at trial.

9 matter before it.” (quotation omitted); (applying Thiele on appeal from a termination of parental rights).

See Thiele v. Stich , (declining to address issues raised for the first time on appellate review).

“A reviewing court must generally consider only those issues that the record shows were presented and considered by the trial court in deciding the matter before it.” (quoting Thayer v. Am.

We have said that we will not “consider the applicability” of a statute “if it was not passed on by the trial court.”

(applying Thiele on appeal from a termination of parental rights).

see also In re Welfare of Children of M.L.S., ___ N.W.2d ___, ___, 2021 WL 2640559, at *7 n.5 (Minn. App. June 28, 2021) (applying Thiele in juvenile-protection proceeding).

(stating “a party may not raise an issue or argument for the first time on appeal” (quotation omitted)).

-79 (Minn. App. 2007) (-583 (Minn. 1988).

See Thiele v. Stich , (applying this aspect of Thiele in a family-law appeal).

See Thiele v. Stich , (stating that, generally, appellate court address only th ose questions presented to a nd considered by the district court).

Thiele v. Stich , d 580, 582 (Minn. 1988).

We are “bound to 6 the [district] court record” and “ may not consider matters not produced and received in evidence below.” -83 (Minn. 1988).

But “[a]n appellate court may not base its decision on matters outside the record on appeal, and may not consider matters not produced and received into evidence below.” (-83 (Minn. 1988)), rev. denied (Minn. May 16, 2000).

“An appellate court ma y not base its decision on matters outside the record on appeal, and may not consider matters not pr oduced and received in evidence below.” Thiele v. Stich , -83 (Minn. 19 88).

See Thiele v. Stich , (stating that appellate courts generally do not address matters nor previously presented to and considered by the district court); Fiduciary Found., LLC ex rel.